Should Canadian retirees own or rent their home? Use this simple ‘5x5x5 rule’ to figure it out

About the 5x5x5 formula

The 5x5x5 rule is a way to gain clarity on your decision to move by breaking down the pros and cons of renting versus owning both short- and long-term. Most importantly, retirees need to consider where they’ll be — not just geographically speaking — 10 years down the road. Here’s a breakdown of each of 'five' in the 5x5x5 rule.

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5 pros of ownership

The first step in deciding if you want to buy a new home as a retiree is to think about the five big perks of having your own property. For retirees, the pros of owning a home allow you to:

1. Build equity in your home: Each mortgage payment you make brings you closer to owning your house free and clear with no payments. If you can buy a new home or condo outright by selling your current home, you can still build equity in your new dwelling over time.
2. Predictability: If you have a fixed-rate mortgage, your mortgage payments will remain consistent for years and you don't have to worry about a landlord ever making you move.
3. Tax benefits: While mortgage interest and property taxes are not tax-deductible on a principle residence, you could find tax deductions if you use a portion of your home for a home-based business or to rent out as short-term accommodation or to a long-term tenant.
4. Customization: You don’t need a landlord's permission to alter and improve your home.
5. Home appreciation: Homes generally increase in value, so you can increase your net worth by owning a property.

5 pros of renting

Renting also has five significant upsides, particularly for retirees who want greater freedom to travel and to make bigger moves — potentially across the country or even abroad. These include:

1. Extreme flexibility: You can leave your property after giving notice and go wherever you want much more easily than with an illiquid home you'd have to sell first.
2. Lower upfront costs: You only have to pay first and last month's rent and a security deposit to move into a rental, not make a large home down payment.
3. No maintenance concerns: If something breaks, your landlord is responsible for the cost of fixing it and the actual repairs. You don’t have to build up an emergency fund for maintenance.
4. Predictable expenses: For the duration of your lease, your monthly housing costs including utilities will remain consistent, even if the cost of energy goes up, for example.
5. Lack of worry: If you’re in a rental apartment, you won't have to concern yourself with shovelling snow, mowing grass or other matters of general, external upkeep.

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5 variables that help you make the decision whether to rent or buy

The last step in the 5x5x5 rule is to consider specific variables that affect you. These include:

• Financial stability: Considering your current and future Canada Pension Plan (CPP) benefits and retirement income, will renting be more affordable long term, or will owning be more beneficial?
• Lifestyle preferences: Think about quality of life and what matters to you. Maybe your biggest priority is to be close to family. Perhaps you want easy access to amenities like health care and recreation. Do you want more predictability or more flexibility? Which option — buying or renting — comes closest to matching your desires?
• Current and future health: Are you in a position to maintain your home and does it have aging-in-place options?
• Estate planning: Do you want to have a home to leave as an asset to your loved ones?
• Market conditions: Is it a good time to buy a property? What do you think will be happening in the real estate market in the next decade?

By asking yourself these detailed questions about your own personal financial goals and lifestyle preferences, it will be easier to decide whether to own or rent now and in the long term.